Endocrine Organs
Hypothalamus
Is often associated with the endocrine system but is actually part of the brain. Because its responsibility is maintaining homeostasis of all systems in the body, you can imagine how closely it must work with the endocrine system.
Pituitary
The pituitary gland is a pea-sized gland found at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus. Its proximity to the hypothalamus makes sense because of the strong connection between the pituitary function and nerve function. It is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls other glands. It is separated into an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe, both of which have 2 different functions.
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Pineal Gland
The pineal gland is an endocrine gland embedded deep within the brain. It secretes melatonin which helps to maintain your sleep/wake cycle.
Thyroid Gland
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, just below the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple). This gland controls the rate that food is turned into energy by releasing T3 and T4. It controls how your body uses energy, meaning it controls:
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Adrenal Glands
There are 2 adrenal glands, each situated on top of a kidney. They are most known for their release of adrenaline during parasympathetic nerve response. The characteristics we associate with "fight or flight" are due to their response to the adrenaline hormone.
Pancreas
The pancreas controls the body's use of glucose.
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Gonads (ovaries & testes)
The ovaries maintain the health of the female reproductive system. They secrete 2 main hormones: estrogen and progesterone.
The testes secrete testosterone, which is necessary for proper physical development in boys. In adulthood, testosterone maintains libido, muscle strength and bone density.
The testes secrete testosterone, which is necessary for proper physical development in boys. In adulthood, testosterone maintains libido, muscle strength and bone density.